Static abilities function continuously while the permanent is on the battlefield. According to CR 611.3, static abilities generate continuous effects that simply apply — there is no 'activation' step and no waiting for a trigger to go on the stack. The moment an enchantment resolves and enters the battlefield, its static abilities are 'on.'
This is different from triggered abilities (which use 'when/whenever/at') or activated abilities (which require you to pay a cost). A static ability such as 'creatures you control get +1/+1' just applies as a layer effect the instant the enchantment exists on the battlefield (CR 604.2).
There is one important nuance: if the enchantment's own entry somehow depends on a condition that isn't met at the moment it enters, the ability still applies — it simply may have no relevant objects to affect yet. The ability is still 'on' from that instant (CR 611.3a).
Concrete example: You cast Glorious Anthem, which gives all your creatures +1/+1. The moment Glorious Anthem resolves and enters the battlefield, every creature you currently control immediately gets +1/+1. You do not need to wait for your next turn or for any trigger to resolve.
Summary of relevant rules: CR 604.2 (static abilities apply continuously), CR 611.3 (continuous effects from static abilities), and CR 611.3a (effects apply as long as the condition is met).
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