What happens when two players draw their last cards at the same time in a multiplayer game?

When a player is required to draw a card from an empty library, that player loses the game the next time state-based actions are checked (CR 704.5b). In a multiplayer game, state-based actions are checked for all players at the same time, so if two players simultaneously draw their last cards, both lose simultaneously.

CR 800.4 governs multiplayer game endings: when a player loses, they leave the game immediately. If multiple players lose at the same time due to the same state-based action check, they all leave simultaneously. This means neither player 'outlives' the other — they are eliminated at the exact same moment.

It is important to note the distinction between drawing the last card (which is fine) and then being required to draw again from an empty library (which triggers the loss condition). The loss is not applied the instant the library empties; it is applied via state-based actions the next time they are checked after a player would need to draw from an empty library (CR 704.3, 704.5b).

Concrete example: Alice and Bob each have one card in their library. A spell causes each player to draw two cards. Both draw their last card first, then must draw again from an empty library. When state-based actions are checked, both Alice and Bob have attempted to draw from an empty library, so both lose the game simultaneously and are eliminated at the same time.

In a duel this ends the game in a draw (CR 104.4b), but in a multiplayer game the remaining players simply continue; the two eliminated players share the same elimination 'place' in the standings.