Does the 'monarch' mechanic persist if the player who is the monarch is eliminated in a multiplayer game?

When the player who holds the monarch title leaves the game, the monarch mechanic does not simply disappear — the game has specific rules for handling this. Under CR 722.3, when a player leaves a multiplayer game, if that player held a designation (such as the monarch), that designation is handled according to its own rules.

The monarch rules (introduced via cards like Palace Jailer and codified in CR 118.12) state that if the monarch leaves the game, the player who most recently dealt combat damage to that player becomes the new monarch. If no player has dealt combat damage to the departing monarch in that game, then no player becomes the monarch — the title is vacated entirely until a card effect creates a new monarch.

So the condition matters: if someone dealt combat damage to the eliminated monarch at any point during the game, the most recent such player immediately inherits the title. If no combat damage was ever dealt to that player, the monarch designation simply ceases to exist for the moment.

Concrete example: Alice is the monarch in a four-player game. Bob dealt her combat damage earlier this game, but Charlie eliminated Alice via a poison counter (no combat damage). Because Charlie's damage was not combat damage, and Bob was the most recent player to deal combat damage to Alice, Bob becomes the new monarch the moment Alice leaves the game.

This means the 'draw a card at end of turn' and 'become monarch when dealt combat damage' rules remain active in the game — just attached to the new monarch (or dormant if no one holds the title).